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徐州市：DB3203/T 1053—2024《洋葱机械化播种育苗技术规程》解读

2024-05-24 14:25:49 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：23540 评论

导读：规定了场地环境、场地选择及设施设备、种子选择、种子处理、播种、苗期管理、病虫害防治、成品苗标准、包装与标识等阶段的操作指示。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2024年4月19日，徐州市市场监督管理局批准发布DB3203/T 1053—2024《洋葱机械化播种育苗技术规程》，由徐州市农业农村局提出并归口，由丰县凤侠果蔬种植家庭农场、丰县蔬菜研究所、丰县综合检验检测中心、丰县市场监督管理局、丰县凤城街道农业综合服务中心、丰县常店镇农业综合服务中心、丰县孙楼街道农业综合服务中心起草。该标准自2024年5月1日开始实施。
 
(图片来源：千图网)
 
　　该标准确立了洋葱机械化播种育苗程序，规定了场地环境、场地选择及设施设备、种子选择、种子处理、播种、苗期管理、病虫害防治、成品苗标准、包装与标识等阶段的操作指示，描述了育苗记录。适用于洋葱机械化播种露地育苗的栽培与管理。
 
　　【设施设备】
 
　　播种设备：根据育苗规模要求，选用适宜类型的播种机。
 
　　灌溉设施：灌溉主要以喷灌为主。宜选择水肥一体化的喷灌系统或孔喷塑料水带。
 
　　种子选择：
 
　　应选择通过国家或省级认定和当地推广部门推广品种及当年新种子。种子质量应符合 GB/Z 26589—2011中5.2.1的要求，种子纯度应不小于95%，净度应不小于98%，发芽率应不小于94%，水分应不大于10%。
 
　　【播种】
 
　　播种时间：宜在 9 月 5 日～9 月 20 日。早熟品种播种较晚熟品种应提前 10 d 左右。
 
　　【施肥、消杀与作畦】
 
　　施肥：耕翻前，施用充分腐熟的有机肥 2000kg/667m2，生物菌肥 25kg/667m2,复合肥(N∶P2O5∶K2O=15∶15∶15)20 kg/667 m2，磷酸二铵 30 kg/667 m2。肥料使用应符合 NY/T 394 的规定。
 
　　消杀：结合施肥每 667 m2苗畦用 50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂 1 kg、50%辛硫磷乳油 800 ml～1 000 ml、拌细土20 kg～30 kg 拌匀撒施。
 
　　作畦：起垄作阳畦，畦面宽 1.2 m～1.5 m，畦沟宽 30 cm、深 20 cm，畦面耙细、整平、压实。
 
　　种子处理：播种前晒种 8 h～10 h,不应在水泥地面直接暴晒。
 
　　播种方法：采用机械化播种，每 667m2大田用苗畦 30m2～35m2，用种 100g(约 25000 粒)。播种深度 1cm～1.5 cm。
 
　　【苗期管理】
 
　　水分管理：出苗前，保持畦面湿润；出苗后至2片叶，保持畦面见干见湿和干湿交替；2 片叶后，适当控制水分；起苗前3 d停止浇水。
 
　　肥料管理：以速效 N 肥(尿素)为主，每次 10kg/667m2，不超过 2 次。定植前 10d～15d，叶面喷洒 0.2%～0.4%磷酸二氢钾溶液。
 
　　【病虫草害防治】
 
　　防治原则：坚持“预防为主，综合防治”的植保方针，以农业和物理防治为基础，优先采用生物防治技术，辅之化学防治应急控害措施。
 
　　主要防治对象：洋葱育苗阶段的主要病害有猝倒病、黄矮病、灰霉病等，主要虫害有葱蓟马、烟粉虱、蚜虫、甜菜夜蛾及蝼蛄、蛴螬、地老虎等地下害虫，杂草以双子叶杂草为主。
 
　　点击下载资料，查看完整标准文件。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

DB3203T 1053-2024 洋葱机械化播种育苗技术规程 .pdf

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