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吉林省：DB22/T 3532-2023《毛葱套种大豆机械化生产技术规程》解读

2023-11-29 14:17:15 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：29592 评论

导读：该标准规定了生产投入品管理、生产基地选择、整地与施肥、毛葱生产、大豆生产等阶段的操作指示，描述了生产记录与档案等追溯方法。适用于毛葱套种大豆的机械化生产。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2023年9月28日，吉林省市场监督管理厅批准发布DB22/T 3532-2023《毛葱套种大豆机械化生产技术规程》，该地方标准自2023年11月16日开始实施。
 
　　该标准由吉林省农业农村厅提出并归口，由长春市农业机械研究院、长春市农业技术推广站、农安县哈拉海镇综合服务中心起草。该标准确立了毛葱套种大豆机械化生产的程序，规定了生产投入品管理、生产基地选择、整地与施肥、毛葱生产、大豆生产等阶段的操作指示，描述了生产记录与档案等追溯方法。适用于毛葱套种大豆的机械化生产。
 
　　整地与施肥——
 
　　整地：采用机械旋耕、起垄、镇压联合作业方式。要求旋耕深度 15 cm～20 cm，暄松细碎，上虚下实，垄高15 cm，垄宽65 cm。
 
　　施肥：整地前, 撒肥机施入腐熟农家肥 20000 kg/hm2～30000kg/hm2；整地时，施入硫酸钾型复合肥250kg/hm2～300kg/hm2，深度为垄下10 cm 处。肥料的使用应符合 NY/T 496 的规定。
 
　　毛葱生产：
 
　　种葱选择及处理
 
　　品种选择——
 
　　选用成熟期早、分蘖能力强、优质高产、商品性好、抗逆性强的品种。
 
　　种葱筛选：使用分选机，筛选出鳞茎饱满、无机械损伤、无病虫害的健康的种葱，橫切面直径以1.5 cm～2 cm为宜。
 
　　种葱处理：使用农业杀菌剂均匀喷洒种葱鳞茎，晾晒后播种。杀菌剂的选择和使用应符合 GB/T 8321(所有部分)和 NY/T 1276的要求。
 
　　播种：
 
　　8.2.1 4 月上中旬，土壤化冻 10 cm 以上时开始种植，适时早播。
 
　　按3500kg/hm2 的种葱量机械均匀布种，人工垄上双行拐子苗播种，株距8 cm～12cm，行距15cm；播种深度以刚过鳞茎尾端为宜，覆土2cm。
 
　　每垄2行毛葱间铺设滴灌带，接入滴灌系统设备。
 
　　田间管理——
 
　　除草：
 
　　种葱播种后，机械作业进行封闭除草。大豆播种前，根据田间杂草情况和土壤墒情，进行机械中耕除草，疏松垄间土壤。除草剂的选择和使用应符合 GB/T 8321(所有部分) 和 NY/T 1276的规定。
 
　　水肥调控：按照 DB22/T 2435 规定的田间管理执行。
 
　　套种大豆：当毛葱进入鳞茎分蘖膨大期，开始播种大豆。
 
　　病虫害防治——
 
　　优先采用农业防治、物理防治和生物防治，科学合理地利用化学防治，药剂选择和使用应符合GB/T 8321(所有部分)和 NY/T 1276的规定。
 
　　大豆出苗前，按DB22/T 2435的规定执行，喷雾器施药应符合NY/T 1225的规定。
 
　　收获——
 
　　收获期：当植株叶片变黄，地上鳞茎外层鳞片变干，出现大面积枯萎倒秧时收获为宜，通常在7月中下旬。
 
　　机械采收：采用套种收获机械，选择晴天采收，就地晾晒，葱叶干后剪下。收获毛葱时应注意减少大豆茎叶损伤，损伤率≤3%。
 
　　点击下方下载完整标准文本。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

DB22-T 3532-2023.pdf

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