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内蒙古《DB15/T 2502—2022大豆联合收割机作业技术规范》解读

2022-07-25 15:40:01 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：23252 评论

导读：《DB15/T 2502—2022大豆联合收割机作业技术规范》规定了大豆联合收割机的作业基本要求、作业技术规程、安全作业注意事项以及保养与存放。适用于自走式大豆联合收割机。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】目前大豆机械化生产水平低、劳动需求量大、收益差，在经济利益驱动下，大豆的种植面积被其他农作物抢占。促进大豆产业的健康发展，关键是降低生产成本，提高收益。而发展全程机械化，无疑是大豆产业突围的一个重要选择。如今，大豆联合收割机成为当下广大推广与应用的农机具之一。

 

　　《DB15/T 2502—2022大豆联合收割机作业技术规范》这一标准是由内蒙古自治区农牧业机械标准化技术委员会(SAM/TC 06)提出并归口，内蒙古自治区农牧业技术推广中心、赤峰市敖汉旗农牧局、内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院、乌兰察布市农林科学研究所、呼伦贝尔市农牧技术推广中心、赤峰市农牧技术推广中心起草。该标准规定了大豆联合收割机的作业基本要求、作业技术规程、安全作业注意事项以及保养与存放。适用于自走式大豆联合收割机(以下简称“收割机”)。
 
　　作业技术规程：
 
　　启动发动机，待转速提高到额定转速后方可作业。
 
　　以使用说明书规定的作业速度行进 25 m～35 m，停机检查总损失率、籽粒含杂率、籽粒破碎率等性能指标是否符合作业质量要求，符合要求方可投入正式作业，否则应进行重新调整，直至符合作业质量要求方可进行正式作业。
 
　　作业开始时先用低速作业，然后逐渐增加至正常作业速度。作业过程中，在不漏割的前提下，宜根据喂入量大小和地表起伏情况适当增加作业速度。
 
　　作业过程中，辅助人员应观察仿形拖板下部拥堵情况，必要时停机清理；割台倾斜角度变化时， 应重新调整摆环箱支撑弹簧。
 
　　作业过程中，发动机应保持在额定转速，地头转弯及卸粮时不应降低发动机转速。调头转弯和倒车时应停止收割和卸粮。
 
　　分禾器的调整应在分禾器浮动最高处和割台仿形最高处进行。
 
　　根据粮箱充满程度，需卸粮及时卸粮，卸粮应一次完成。可采取收割机和运输车平行前进的方式卸粮。
 
　　作业过程中，观察仪表和信号装置，注意水温、油温和油压是否正常，出现不正常现象应停机检查。停机卸粮时，观察散热器、排气管、发动机、外露轴承及旋转部件，并清理杂物。
 
　　在标定持续作业量、大豆不倒伏(植株与地面垂直线的夹角为 0°～30°)、籽粒含水率为 13 %～15 %的条件下，作业质量应符合 NY/T 738 的规定，见表 1。
 
　　表1作业质量要求

 

　　安全作业注意事项：
 
　　操作人员不应在酒后或身体过度疲劳状态下工作。
 
　　收割机起步、接合动力、转弯、倒车前，应鸣喇叭，观察附近状况，提前警示辅助人员和非工作人员撤离到非作业区域。
 
　　排除割台故障时，应切断动力，将割台可靠支撑。收割机停放时，割台应处于最低位置。在进入粮箱清理残留粮食前应关闭发动机，取出钥匙。
 
　　调整、保养、维修、清理堵塞和杂草秸秆缠绕等操作，应在关闭发动机、零部件停止运转后进行。停止作业时，应将变速操作杆置于空档，将主离合、卸粮离合、过桥离合置于分离，断开电源总开关， 并驻车稳定。
 
　　收割机未熄火冷却时不应增加冷却液、打开箱盖。
 
　　保养与存放：
 
　　每个作业班次结束后前应进行保养，清理收割机散热器和空气滤清器；检查、调节传动链条和皮带张紧度；加满冷却液；检查燃油滤清器；清理液压油箱加油口并检查油面；清理堵塞和杂草秸秆缠绕。
 
　　发动机的保养应按柴油机使用说明书进行。
 
　　按照收割机使用说明书中的润滑部位、润滑周期和油品种类进行润滑。
 
　　作业季节结束，应全面清理收割机，存放在通风、干燥的库房中。入库时，应卸下或放松所有皮带；滚轮、轴承等零件应注入润滑脂，链条、链轮、割刀等零件应涂上防锈油。
 
　　点击下方下载查看标准完整文件。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

DB15T 2502-2022FDIS.pdf

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