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坐着就能采茶叶！轻便自走式大宗茶采摘修剪一体机样机研制成功

2022-06-30 09:03:14 来源：浙江省农科院 阅读量：17116 评论

导读：近日，由省农科院农业装备研究所与浙江小精农机制造有限公司联合研制的一款原创产品——轻便自走式大宗茶采摘修剪一体机在绍兴御茶村顺利完成样机实地测试验证。

　　【农机网 科技创新】坐着就能采茶叶啦！近日，由省农科院农业装备研究所与浙江小精农机制造有限公司联合研制的一款原创产品——轻便自走式大宗茶采摘修剪一体机在绍兴御茶村顺利完成样机实地测试验证。


 

　　该设备操作方便、性能稳定，单人即可完成茶叶采摘修剪工作，有效解决了现有手抬式茶叶采摘机人工成本高、采摘效率低等问题，实现了乘坐式茶叶采摘机的国产化替代。

 

　　测试结果满足使用要求：
 
　　茶叶完整率81.09%
 
　　可制茶率93.73%
 
　　茶叶损失率0.82%
 
　　漏采率0.77%
 
　　各采摘性能指标均在标准范围以内！

 

　　四大突破！
 
　　历时一年自主研发，该装备攻克了场景适用性、高通过性移动底盘、作业装置快速换装模块、轻简化动力传输系统、长宽幅切割刀片等方面的技术瓶颈：
 
　　履带高地隙底盘
 
　　能够较好地适应缓坡、坑洼不平等地形地势，田间转弯、换行灵活，可用于平原以及丘陵缓坡、垄沟窄行等非标准茶园环境，极大地提高了装备场景适用性。
 
　　采用模块化设计
 
　　行走与采摘修剪作业采用独立动力源，通过连接接口，便于不同作业机具的快速换装，实现一机多用，提高了机具(底盘)的使用率。
 
　　轻简化动力传输系统
 
　　纯液压动力传动模块，结构简单，无需复杂的机械传动系统，且操控方便，便于实现自动化控制。
 
　　长宽幅平刀切割刀片
 
　　优化刀片生产加工工艺，提高采茶刀片耐用性，解决弧形宽幅刀片长时间使用容易磨损或者折断的问题，实现了跨垄一次性采摘作业，大幅提高了作业效率。
 
　　茶产业属于劳动密集型产业，其中茶叶采摘修剪季节性强、用工量最多最集中、劳动成本最高，人工采茶修剪占茶叶生产成本70%以上。浙江省茶叶大多种植在丘陵山区，其中山地大宗茶茶园大量使用双人抬式采茶机采摘，该采摘机作业时需两人手抬机器并手持收集袋配合，其作业效果虽能满足采茶要求，但作业效率低、人工需求量大、劳动强度高。随着农村劳动力的减少和人力成本的不断上升，“用工荒”和“用工贵”问题日益明显，已严重制约我省茶叶规模化生产。轻便自走式大宗茶采摘修剪一体机的研发应用，为这些问题的解决带来了妙方。
 
　　接下来，我院农业装备研究所将在茶蓬面自动仿形和茶垄精准自动对行等关键技术开展研究，进一步提高采摘机的智能化水平，促进产业化推广应用，提升茶产业机械化水平和生产效率，为深入开展农业“双强”行动，助力我省“两个先行”贡献力量。
 
　　供稿 | 农业装备研究所
 
　　编辑 | 甘玲、王夏君、张春婷
 
　　责编 | 江英华
 
　　审核 | 胡高洁

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