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标准解读：《DB52/T 1246.7-2017贵州水稻机插秧全程机械化 第7部分 收获》

2022-05-13 13:48:17 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：30873 评论

导读：近年来，贵州省相继推行实施了多项水稻全程机械化相关技术的地方标准。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】今年，贵州省农业农村厅计划在全省机械化生产条件较好、积极性较高的县市区开展20万亩水稻生产全程机械化示范，示范区内水稻耕种收综合机械化率达到85%以上。目前，贵州水稻生产的机耕率达到90%、机收率达到70%。近年来，贵州省相继推行实施了多项水稻全程机械化相关技术的地方标准。
 

 
　　其中，《DB52/T 1246.7-2017贵州水稻机插秧全程机械化 第7部分 收获》是由贵州省农业委员会提出并归口，贵州省山地农业机械研究所、贵州省农业技术推广总站、贵州省农业机械推广总站、贵州省标准化院起草，于2017年12月8日由贵州省市场监督管理局批准发布，于2018年5月8日正式实施。
 
　　本标准规定了水稻收获机化的术语和定义、作业条件、作业要求。本标准适用于水稻收获机械化作业。
 
　　作业前机械要求：根据水稻生产情况选择适合的收获机具和收获方式。检查调整机具，使其达到良好的技术状态。试运转机具，包括发动机无负荷运转、整机原地空运转、整机负荷试运转。试运转后，进行试割，试割过程中要检查各部位是否正常，调整好机械以满足收获的要求。选择与脱粒机配套的动力，保证脱粒滚筒按要求的转速运行。准备好粮袋、运粮机具和易损零配件等。
 
　　技术要求：
 
　　收净、脱净、不丢穗、不撒粮，联合收获水稻损失率不超过 3%，破碎率不超过 5%，含杂率不超过 3%，分段收获损失率不超过 8%；清洁度在 90%以上。留茬高度一致，高度不超过 20 cm。
 
　　作业要求：
 
　　启动发动机前，检查变速杆、割台、脱粒离合器、卸粮离合器、操纵杆等是否都在空档和分离位置，否则不予启动。
 
　　确认收割机周围无人靠近时才能启动收割机。
 
　　收割机田间转移时，要有适当宽度、长度和强度的跳板辅助。
 
　　作业时发动机油门必须保持额定转速位置，地面允许最大坡度应遵从不同机型使用说明书操作， 过田埂时应以最低速度垂直越过，作业机手应站在喂入口正前方。
 
　　作业中转向、倒车时，要注意周围安全，并严禁接粮；行驶转向时，不能操纵液压提升和无级变速控制，以防转向失灵造成意外。
 
　　水稻密度高时，收割机速度宜低，密度低时，收割机速度宜高；水稻密度较高时，可通过提高割茬或减少割幅来保持额定喂入量。
 
　　小型收割机易在水稻腊熟期，籽粒含水率为 18%～25%、倒伏角度小于等于 10 度，风力不大于 3 m/s 的条件下作业。
 
　　脱粒机安放时注意风向，将喂入口置于上风头，出草口和排糠口放在下风头。
 
　　喂入前，察滚筒旋转方向，是否与上盖所标的箭头方向一致，转动是否平稳，确无异常情况时方可投入作业。
 
　　喂入量要均匀，不得强行推送，出现故障，一定要待滚筒停转后排除。
 
　　详细内容可点击下方下载以上标准完整文件。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：贵阳网、全国地方标准信息平台。
相关资料下载：

贵州水稻机插秧全程机械化 第7部分 收货.pdf

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上一篇： 标准解读：《DB52/T 1246.8-2017 贵州水稻机插秧全程机械化 第8部分 秸秆还田》

下一篇：标准解读：《DB52/T 1246.5-2017 贵州水稻机插秧全程机械化 第5部分 植保》

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