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地方标准丨浙江省两项机械化育秧技术规范解读

2022-04-15 09:26:10 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：42388 评论

导读：随着“春耕、春播”工作的全面铺开，机械育秧流水线的使用，不仅让农民不用赤脚下田，更是省工高效，促进了粮食生产机械化水平的提升

　　【农机网 政策与标准】随着“春耕、春播”工作的全面铺开，机械育秧流水线的使用，不仅让农民不用赤脚下田，更是省工高效，促进了粮食生产机械化水平的提升。浙江省是典型的丘陵山区省份，有“七山一水二分田”之称，全省农机制造业年产值780亿元居全国第四，农作物综合机械化率71.8%，位列南方丘陵山区第二。近年来实施了多项机械化育秧技术地方标准，详情如下：

　　《DB33/T 681-2021机插水稻盘式育秧技术规范》
 
　　本标准由浙江省农业机械标准化技术委员会归口，由浙江省农业机械试验鉴定推广总站、浙江省畜牧农机发展中心、金华市农业机械管理站、龙游县农业机械管理站共同起草。于2021年2月19日由浙江省市场监督管理局批准发布，于2021年3月21日开始实施。
 
　　本标准规定了机插水稻盘式育秧的播前准备、机械播种、秧田管理、秧苗质量、起秧备栽、水稻盘式育秧作业流程、机械育秧设备和场所配置方案等技术要求。本标准适用于机插水稻盘式秧苗的培育。
 
　　播种——
 
　　调整播种设备：调整播种设备，使其处于正常工作状态。
 
　　调节铺土(基质)量：盘内底土厚度为22 毫米～25 毫米或基质厚度25 毫米，要求铺放均匀平整。
 
　　调节洒水量：经洒水后秧盘上的底土表面无积水，盘底无滴水，播种覆土后能湿透床土。
 
　　调节播种量：播前用10 只～12 只空盘试播，取正常播种的5 盘～6 盘的种子称重，平均计算盘播量，根据试播情况进行调整，达到确定的播种量。
 
　　调节覆土量：覆土厚度为3 毫米～5 毫米，要求覆土均匀、不露种。
 
　　叠盘出苗——
 
　　秧盘播种后叠盘，20 盘～25 盘秧盘一叠。
 
　　有控温控湿出苗室的，将播种后秧盘放置在托盘上，20 盘一叠，上面覆盖一盘装土但没有播种的秧盘。将叠盘放入出苗室，出苗室温度控制在 30℃～32℃，湿度控制在 90%以上。
 
　　将播种后的秧盘叠盘后，用湿毛毯等覆盖保温保湿，直接放在温度较高的大棚或室内。
 
　　叠盘保温保湿后，当秧盘种子出苗到 5 毫米时，将秧盘移到大田或大棚育秧。早稻育秧时，气温较低，秧苗需要保温。中、晚稻育秧时，气温过高、阳光过强，出苗秧盘需要在室内放置 12 小时～ 24 小时炼苗后，再放到秧田或场地。
 
　　摆盘和灌水：将秧盘移至秧田依次平铺整齐，灌平沟水润湿秧板和盘土。
 

  

     《DB33/T 2163-2018早稻机插育秧技术规范》
 
　　标准由浙江省种植业标准化技术委员会归口，中国水稻研究所、浙江省农业技术推广中心共同起草，于2018年11月7日由浙江省市场监督管理局批准发布，于2018年12月7日开始实施。
 
　　本标准规定了早稻机插育秧的育秧场地环境、育秧设施设备、育秧准备、播种、秧苗管理、秧苗质量、起秧、标准化模式图等技术内容。本标准适用于早稻机插秧苗的培育。
 
　　播种：主要是播种流水线，有条件的可配备种子提升机、育秧土提升回收机、叠盘机等。
 
　　秧盘：温室工厂化育秧一般采用硬盘，硬盘规格宜采用30 cm盘(9 寸：长为58 cm，宽为28 cm，高为2.8 cm) 或25 cm盘(7 寸：长为58 cm，宽为23 cm，高为2.0 cm；采用软盘时，需配活动硬盘加衬套。采用叠盘出苗时，宜选用带卡扣的叠盘出苗专用秧盘。
 
　　详细内容可点击下方下载以上标准完整文件。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：全国标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

DB33681-2021FDIS机插水稻盘式育秧技术规范.pdf DB332163-2018FDIS早稻机插育秧技术规范.pdf

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上一篇： 关于《种子除芒机》等23项 农机装备团体标准报批公示的通知

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