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江西省：现行三项机械化育秧相关技术标准解读

2022-04-20 10:46:38 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：27816 评论

导读：为促进水稻机械化全面稳健的发展，近来年，江西省也相继实施了多项机械化育秧技术相关地方标准，具体内容如下：

　　【农机网 政策与标准】去年，江西省政府办公厅印发《关于加快推进粮食生产全程机械化的实施意见》，要求大力实施水稻生产全程机械化“补短板”行动。提出力争到2025年，全省主要农作物耕种收综合机械化水平达80%，建设1000个左右水稻机械化育秧中心、400个左右水稻生产全程机械化综合农事服务中心，有40个左右的县(市、区)跻身“全国基本实现主要农作物生产全程机械化示范县”行列，全产业链覆盖的农业社会化服务体系基本形成。

　　为促进水稻机械化全面稳健的发展，近来年，江西省也相继实施了多项机械化育秧技术相关地方标准，具体内容如下：
 
　　标准号：DB36/T 942-2017
 
　　标准名称：水稻无土基质机械化育秧技术规程
 
　　批准发布部门：江西省质量技术监督局
 
　　起草单位：江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所、鄱阳县红兴农作物病虫害防治专业合作社、江西穗穗科技有限公司。
 
　　实施日期：2017年7月1日
 
　　本标准规定了水稻无土基质机械化育秧技术的术语和定义、品种选择、材料准备、工艺技术流程、种子处理、播种、苗期管理、秧苗、起运。本标准适用于水稻无土基质机械化育秧技术。

————————————
 
　　标准号：DB36/T 855-2015
 
　　标准名称：水稻机械化育秧技术规程
 
　　批准发布部门：江西省质量技术监督局
 
　　起草单位：江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所、江西省农业机械化技术推广站、江西省畜牧技术推广站。
 
　　实施日期：2015年12月1日
 
　　本标准规定了水稻机械化育秧的术语和定义、品种选择、工艺技术流程、种子处理、床土、秧田、材料准备、播种、苗期管理、秧苗、起运。本标准适用于机插水稻的机械化育秧。

 
图1 早稻带土育秧工艺技术流程
 
　　机械催芽：早、中稻浸种后使用催芽机或催芽室催芽。种子催芽不受环境气温影响，一般 16h～ 20h 可破胸露白，种子破胸露白均匀整齐，均匀度不小于 95%，可提高种子发芽速度和发芽率。
 
　　晚稻育秧期间气温高，秧苗生长快，为延缓生长速度，可在破胸、露白时，按每 667 ㎡秧田用15%多效唑可湿性粉剂 80g 与水配制成 1：600～1：800 的药液喷雾拌种。
 
　　————————————
 
　　标准号：DB36/T 848-2015
 
　　标准名称：早稻集中育秧气象等级
 
　　批准发布部门：江西省质量技术监督局
 
　　起草单位：江西省气象台。
 
　　实施日期：2015年7月1日
 
　　本标准规定了早稻集中育秧过程中的术语和定义、播种、通风降温、揭膜炼苗等秧田管理技术的气象等级指标。本标准适用于江西省早稻集中育秧业务服务。
 
　　指标——
 
　　播种气象等级
 
　　时段：3月上旬～4月初
 
　　1级(适宜)：连续3天日平均气温≥8℃，且总日照时数>6小时。
 
　　2级(较适宜)：连续3天日平均气温≥8℃，且6小时≥总日照时数>2小时。
 
　　3级(不适宜)：连续3天总日照时数≤2小时，或至少有1天日平均气温<8℃。
 
　　通风降温气象等级
 
　　时段：齐苗后至二叶一心前                          1级(适宜)：日平均气温≥16℃，且日照时数>4小时。
 
　　2级(较适宜)：日平均气温≥16℃，且4小时≥日照时数>0小时。
 
　　3级(不适宜)：日平均气温<16℃；或无日照。
 
　　揭膜炼苗气象等级
 
　　时段：二叶一心后
 
　　1级(适宜)：日平均气温≥14℃，且日照时数>4小时。
 
　　2级(较适宜)：日平均气温≥14℃，且4小时≥日照时数>0小时。
 
　　3级(不适宜)：日平均气温<14℃；或无日照。
 
　　详细内容可点击下方下载以上标准完整文件。
  
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：全国团体标准信息平台、江西日报。
相关资料下载：

DB36T+942-2017+水稻无土基质机械化育秧技术规程.pdf 水稻机械化育秧技术规程.pdf 早稻集中育秧气象等级_报批稿_定稿_.pdf

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