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重庆：DB50/T 1591-2024《水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育插秧技术规程》

2024-05-17 14:19:54 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：26533 评论

导读：规定了水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育秧的秧盘准备、秧田选择、播种育秧、秧田管理、插秧等技术要求。适用于水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育插秧。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2024年4月11日，重庆市市场监督管理局批准发布DB50/T 1591-2024《水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育插秧技术规程》，该标准由重庆市农业农村委员会提出、归口并组织实施，由庆市农业机械化技术推广总站、重庆市农业技术推广总站起草，该地方标准即将于2024年7月11日开始实施。
 

 （图片来源：千图网）
 

　　规定了水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育秧的秧盘准备、秧田选择、播种育秧、秧田管理、插秧等技术要求。适用于水稻大钵体毯状苗机械化育插秧。
 
　　【秧盘准备】
 
　　秧盘规格：内径长580±5.0 mm、宽280±5.0 mm、高24±1.0 mm，下层呈钵体，横向14穴，纵向30 穴或31穴。工厂化播种育秧应采用硬质盘。
 
　　秧盘用量：26~30 盘/667m2。
 
　　秧田选择：宜选用背风向阳、土壤肥沃、粘性适中、能排能灌、转运方便的田块。
 
　　播种育秧
 
　　确定播期：结合当地农时，日平均气温应稳定通过 12 ℃，按照秧龄 25 d～35 d 倒推播期。
 
　　秧田准备：在播种前30天左右，视秧田土壤肥力状况施腐熟有机肥1500 kg～2000 kg/667m2，或复合肥25 kg～50 kg/667m2培肥秧田。播种前5 d~7 d用耕整机进行耕整。宜控制秧田土壤 pH 值5～6。
 
　　制作苗床：用耕整机械开沟作厢，厢面净宽 1.4 m～1.5 m，厢沟宽 0.5 m~1 m，厢面应平、直、光、实，厢面及厢沟无杂物、杂草，苗床四周开围沟。提前 1 d～2 d 制作苗床晾干厢面。稀泥播种育秧应在厢沟中均匀施入壮秧剂，用机械搅拌成浆状，沉实待用。
 
　　【播种育秧方式】
 
　　工厂化播种育秧
 
　　播前准备：基质土准备、种子处理参照 DB50/T 684 的规定执行。
 
　　播种：采用育秧播种流水线作业，每穴播种 2 粒或 3 粒，空穴率应小于 1 %。
 
　　暗化催芽：播种后放入暗化催芽室进行催芽，催芽应符合 DB50/T 684 的规定。
 
　　秧苗转运：秧苗长至 1 cm 时，转运至苗床。
 
　　稀泥播种育秧
 
　　铺盘装泥：宜在苗床上铺一层无纺布或遮阳网，秧盘铺放整齐，对齐靠紧，盘底紧贴苗床，保持平直，飞边重叠。取厢沟中的泥浆装满秧盘并刮平。秧盘靠沟边一侧边缘用泥土垒实。
 
　　均匀播种：每盘播干种25 g~40 g，播种均匀，空穴率应小于2 %。播种时宜选择晴天或阴天。
 
　　搭拱覆膜：厢面均匀喷施杀菌剂，按0.8 m~1 m的间距搭拱，拱架离秧盘边缘5 cm左右，覆膜后四周用泥土压严压实。
 
　　秧田管理：按照DB50/T 684的规定执行。
 
　　插秧：
 
　　本田准备：提前3 d～7 d施足基肥,耕整使泥浆沉实，田面平整度高低差宜小于3 cm，水深1 cm～3 cm。
 
　　插秧作业：选用横向取苗次数14次的插秧机。作业质量应符合DB50/T 684的规定。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。

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