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这有一份柑橘全程呵护指南，请您查收！

2022-12-09 11:52:47 来源：极目机器人 阅读量：12364 评论

导读：极目无人机可实现全地形覆盖，昼夜无差别作业，弥雾喷头打得透、打得匀，适应丘陵山地耕作特点，通过“机剂技”结合的作物解决方案，解决植保难题，覆盖柑橘种植全环节。

　　【农机网 热点关注】赣南脐橙，江西省赣州市特产，中国国家地理标志产品。赣南脐橙年产量达百万吨，原产地江西省赣州市已经成为脐橙种植面积世界第一，年产量世界第三、全国最大的脐橙主产区。
 
　　脐橙多种植于山地丘陵地带，无论是病虫害防治还是营养剂喷施，人工作业难度大、成本高。极目无人机可实现全地形覆盖，昼夜无差别作业，弥雾喷头打得透、打得匀，适应丘陵山地耕作特点，通过“机剂技”结合的作物解决方案，解决植保难题，覆盖柑橘种植全环节。


 

　　月份：12月~次年2月
 
　　物候期：花芽分化期
 
　　主要病虫害：须警惕炭疽落叶
 

　　12月-次年2月均为脐橙的清园期，须警惕炭疽落叶，柑橘炭疽病主要危害叶片、枝梢、花、果实、果梗和苗木，常造成叶枯、梢枯、落花、落果及果实腐烂。
 
　　12月-次年1月主要注意防寒防冻，冬剪整修。2月要在雨水前施芽前肥，检查病弱树、及时补株。
 
　　月份：3月
 
　　物候期：春芽萌发期
 
　　主要病虫害：砂皮、溃疡、红蜘蛛、木虱
 
　　3月春芽萌发，正式春季开园之时，尤其要注意砂皮、溃疡病害的防治。砂皮病主要危害枝干、果实、叶片等部位，发生严重时，造成大面积毁园或贮运过程中大量烂果，影响树体寿命和果实商品价值。
 
　　月份：4月
 
　　物候期：春梢现蕾期
 
　　主要病虫害：灰霉、炭疽、砂皮、红蜘蛛、木虱、潜叶蛾

　　4月春梢现蕾，需成年果园播种夏季绿肥、抹芽除萌摇花；幼树果园追施速效性氮肥、幼树摘花。依旧需要注意砂皮病防治，防止影响落果期。
 
　　月份：5月~6月
 
　　物候期：第一、二次落果期
 
　　主要病虫害：炭疽、溃疡、红蜘蛛、木虱、蚊壳虫、粉虱、蚜虫、叶甲、潜叶蛾
 
　　脐橙的自然坐果率只有0.5%~2%，而脐橙的坐果率通常都由幼果的两次生理落果决定，这也决定了脐橙的产量。
 
　　5月-6月是第一次落果和第二次落果，需做好保果措施：
 
　　①调控树势，调控树势是最根本的保果措施，不管什么保果技术，如果树势太弱或过于旺盛，都难于达到理想的保果效果。
 
　　②激素保果
 
　　③调节剂和叶面肥保果
 
　　成年果园须除草松土，追肥，采取适当的保果措施增加坐果率；幼树果园还须追施氮、磷肥，抹芽、去零留整，做好水土保持。
 
　　月份：7月
 
　　物候期：夏梢稳果期
 
　　主要病虫害：黑星病、溃疡、锈壁虱、红蜘蛛、吉虫、斜纹夜蛾、潜叶蛾
 
　　7月上旬夏季绿肥翻压，果实初挂果树时应施壮果、促梢肥，抹夏梢防冲果、除萌，同时要注意防旱。
 
　　月份：8月
 
　　物候期：秋梢壮果期
 
　　主要病虫害：砂皮、粉虱、蚜虫、木虱、红蜘蛛、叶甲、潜叶蛾
 
　　8月易出旱情，特别注意防旱抗旱，作业也须避开高温时段，清晨或夜晚作业。成年果园酌情施壮果肥，积肥造肥。
 
　　物候期：果实膨大期
 
　　月份：9月
 
　　主要病虫害：溃疡、砂皮红蜘蛛、木虱、粉虱、蚜虫、叶甲、潜叶蛾

　　果实膨大期是脐橙的一个黄金时期，既关乎今年果实的质量，又关乎明年果实的产量。逐渐攀升的高温降低着树体活力，果、梢对养分的需求不断增加，病虫害猖獗，在这个紧张的时期，保证养分的供需、保证秋梢抽发的整齐和健壮，成了脐橙当下最重要的事情。
 
　　膨果期管理主要有以下几点：
 
　　①施壮果肥：夏梢老熟之后，根系就进入第二次生长高峰期，此时，首要就是施壮果肥 (秋肥)，促发毛细根生长，促进果实膨大，为秋梢的抽发备下充足的营养。
 
　　②水分管理：水分是脐橙果实膨大期最重要的影响因素，对果重、果实大小及品质都有着决定性的影响，应保证水分的供应。
 
　　③叶面营养补充：新梢出芽后需补充叶面肥，促进果实膨大和秋梢老熟。
 
　　物候期：果实转色，花芽分化
 
　　月份：10月
 
　　主要病虫害：砂皮、炭疽、红蜘蛛、木虱、果腐、蒂腐、实蝇、吸果夜蛾、潜叶蛾
 
　　10月果实转色，与光照、温度、施肥等均有关系，须防旱防裂果，播种冬季旅费、抹除晚秋梢，放置采前落果，影响产量。
 
　　物候期：采果期
 
　　月份：11月
 
　　主要病虫害：炭疽、果腐、蒂腐、吸果夜蛾

　　采果时及时施肥，抹除晚秋梢，采后天旱须及时灌水补月子肥，扩穴施肥改土，11月下旬开始修剪清园，树干刷白，树盘培土。幼树果园要追施氮、磷、钾肥，做好除草和防寒工作。
 
　　脐橙飞防参数参考
 
　　用水量：6-8升/亩
 
　　速度：2.6-3米/秒
 
　　高度：2.6-3.3米
 
　　喷幅：4米
 
　　*根据果树病虫害严重程度以及地形、果树长势进行调整
 

       经过不断地飞防验证，极目无人机可高效防治柑橘病虫害，省药20%以上，节水高达95%，助力果农增产增收，有效呵护柑橘全程生长。
 

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