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陕西省《DB61/T 1471-2021灌区籽粒机收春玉米生产技术规程》解读

2022-09-09 14:21:50 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：39135 评论

导读：该标准规定了籽粒机收春玉米品种选择及种子处理、播种、田间管理、收获和烘干与贮藏，记录与档案的要求。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2021年6月10日，陕西省市场监督管理局批准发布了《DB61/T 1471-2021灌区籽粒机收春玉米生产技术规程》，该标准自2021年7月10日起实施。该标准由西北农林科技大学提出，陕西省农业农村厅归口，西北农林科技大学、中国农业科学院作物科学研究所、陕西省农业技术推广总站、榆林市农业科学院共同起草。

　　该标准规定了籽粒机收春玉米品种选择及种子处理、播种、田间管理、收获和烘干与贮藏，记录与档案的要求。适用于陕西榆林、延安等灌溉区籽粒机收春玉米的生产。
 
　　播种时宜选用具有深松功能和分层施肥功能的精量播种机，深松深度≥30 cm，深松作业质量应符合NY/T 1418的规定。适时适墒播种。如土壤墒情不足，每hm2滴管补水300 m3。播种量30 kg/hm2～37.5 kg/hm2。种子、肥料间距≧5 cm。
 
　　田间管理——
 
　　化学除草：根据当地杂草种类选择对应除草剂。播后苗前，选择乙草胺、莠去津等进行土壤封闭除草；出苗后，   宜在玉米3 叶～5 叶期选择磺草·莠、烟嘧·莠等，按推荐用量，茎叶喷雾。
 
　　施肥：根据产量目标和土壤肥力等确定施肥量。宜选用玉米配方缓控释专用肥、一次性分层机械施肥。一般施肥：N 240 kg/hm2～270 kg/hm2，P2O5 120 kg/hm2～150 kg/hm2，K2O 75 kg/hm2～90 kg/hm2。
 
　　节水灌溉：在拔节、大喇叭口、抽雄前、乳熟4个时期，根据土壤墒情和降雨情况确定灌水次数和灌水量。每次灌水量不超过900 m3/hm2，生育期灌水总量不超过7875 m3/hm2。
 
　　病虫害防治：优先选用抗病虫品种，采用农业防治、生物防治措施，必要时选用吡唑醚菌酯、丙环唑•嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑等防治大斑病，选用白僵菌、辛硫磷等颗粒剂灌心防治玉米螟。中后期施药宜采用高地隙喷   药机械或无人机飞防，遵守NY/T 1276—2007和NY/T 1876—2010规定。
 
　　籽粒机收——
 
　　收获时期：10月下旬或籽粒含水量降至25 %以下时收获。
 
　　收获机械：应选用玉米籽粒联合收获机，性能符合GB/T 21961—2008的规定。
 
　　作业质量：机械收获的田间落粒与落穗损失率不超过5 %，籽粒破碎率不高于5 %，籽粒含杂率不高于3 %。收获作业质量的其他指标应符合NY/T 1355—2007的规定。
 
　　秸秆粉碎还田：玉米秸秆可采用联合收获机自带粉碎装置粉碎，或收获后采用秸秆粉碎还田机粉碎还田。秸秆粉碎还田作业质量应符合NY/T 500—2015的规定。
 
　　烘干与贮藏：玉米收获后采用玉米烘干设备进行降水处理。烘干产品质量应达到GB/T 21017—2007中干燥后成品质量的规定。籽粒含水率应降至14 %以下进行仓储。
 
　　可点击下方下载完整标准文件。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
 
相关资料下载：

DB61_T+1471-2021.pdf

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