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江西省《植保无人机防治水稻病虫草害操作技术规程》解读

2022-05-23 09:12:43 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：31972 评论

导读：江西省近年来推行发布实施了多项植保无人机病虫害防治技术相关标准，以下是部分内容摘要：

　　【农机网 政策与标准】随着现代化农业快速发展，农业植保无人机的应用越来越广泛。植保无人机防治水稻病虫害是今年来统防统治的主要及重要方法。江西省近年来推行发布实施了多项植保无人机病虫害防治技术相关标准，以下是部分内容摘要：
 
　　《DB36/T 1518-2021 植保无人机防治水稻病虫草害操作技术规程》——
 
　　由江西省农业农村厅提出并归口，由江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所、江西省植保植检局共同起草，2021年12月14日由江西省市场监督管理局批准发布，于2022年6月1日实施。
 
　　该标准规定了植保无人机防治水稻病虫草害的术语定义、基本要求、农药、作业参数、作业要求、作业后维护、作业效果监测分析、作业档案管理。适用于农业植保无人机防治水稻病虫草害操作规程。
 
　　基本要求——
 
　　植保无人飞机：应符合T/CCPIA 019中植保无人机安全施用农药作业的天气条件、植保无人机服务提供商、作业人员、农药安全科学使用和环境安全要求。植保无人机包括自动控制模式和手动控制模式两种类型，应符   合NY/T 3213，选择具备飞行轨迹和流量实时监测、数据输出功能的植保无人飞机。
 
　　作业人员：作业人员包括飞控手、辅助作业人员、安全负责人。飞控手、安全负责人应经过培训掌握水稻病虫   害发生规律及安全用药技能。飞控手必须获得相关机构的培训证书，符合DB36/T 995要求。
 
　　气象条件：作业前应查询作业区块的气象信息，包括温度、湿度、风向、风速等气象信息。雷雨天气禁止作业。   风力大于3级，室外温度超过35℃，相对湿度低于50%或高于90%均不得作业。
 
　　农药配制——
 
　　药剂要求：应符合GB/T 8321.1～8231.9农药合理使用准则(一)～(九)。选择高效低毒适合植保无人机飞防要求的内吸性农药。农药剂型选用水基化剂型，如水乳剂、微乳剂、乳油、悬浮剂、水剂等，不得选用可   湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂。
 
　　药剂配置：药剂应现配现用，按照二次稀释法的操作要求先在配药箱内配制农药母液，然后加入药箱混匀，配   制药剂在不超过12小时使用。
 
　　作业参数——
 
　　飞行高度：载荷10L的植保无人机的飞行高度(距离地面)应保持在2m～2.5m；载荷20L的植保无人机的飞行高度(距离地面)应保持在2.5m～3m；载荷30L的植保无人机的飞行高度(距离地面)应保持在3m～3.5m。
 
　　飞行速度：根据防治水稻病虫草害情况，植保无人机的飞行速度应设置为3m/s～6 m/s，以确保防治效果。
 
　　喷幅：载荷10L的植保无人机的喷幅(行距)设置为3.5m～4.5m；载荷20L的植保无人机的喷幅(行距)设   置为4.5m～6m；载荷30L的植保无人机的喷幅(行距)设置为6m～9m。
 
　　药液量：每公顷药液量应保持在15L～22.5L，根据病虫草害发生程度酌情增减。
 
　　《DB36/T 995-2017 农业植保无人机安全作业操作规范》——
 
　　该标准由江西省农业厅提出并归口，由江西省农业机械化技术推广监测站、南昌中航天信航空科技有限公司、江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所、中国航空综合技术研究所、中国农业大学药械与施药技术研究中心、江西省植保植检局共同起草，于2017年12月29日由江西省质量技术监督局批准发布，于2018年3月1日实施。
 
　　该标准规定了农业植保无人机安全作业注意事项、作业前准备、现场作业、作业后维护。适用于农业植保无人机的安全作业操作。
 
　　现场作业——
 
　　起飞前，应在作业区块设置明显的禁止入内的警示标识，再次检查作业区块及周边情况，确保没有影响飞行安全因素。
 
　　起飞前检查电池电压或燃料情况，确保农业植保无人机整机处于正常状态。
 
　　根据作业情况，观察飞行远端的位置和状态以及农业植保无人机喷洒的宽度、飞行高度、速度、距离、断点等，做出相应处理。
 
　　做好农业植保无人机作业情况记录。农业植保无人机寿命期内保存作业记录。
 
　　建立农药使用记录，如实记录使用农药的时间、地点、对象以及农药名称、用量、生产企业等。农药使用记录应当保存 2 年以上。
 
　　完成作业后，应将记录汇总归档保存。
 
　　做好农业植保无人机转场、更换电池、加注燃料和加药等工作。
 
　　《DB36/T 930-2016 农业植保无人机》——
 
　　该标准由江西省农业厅提出并归口，由南昌中航天信航空科技有限公司、中国农业大学药械与施药技术研究中心、中国航空综合技术研究所、江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所、江西省农业机械研究所共同起草，于2016年12月13日由江西省质量技术监督局批准发布，于2017年3月1日实施。
 
　　想了解详细内容，可点击下方下载标准完整文本。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：全国地方标准信息平台。
 
相关资料下载：

DB36T 1518-2021植保无人机防治水稻病虫草害操作技术规程.pdf DB36T995—2017农业植保无人机安全作业操作规范.pdf 农业植保无人机.pdf

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