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水稻生产补短板：重点提高机械化种植水平

2022-03-23 16:55:49 来源：农机网原创 阅读量：47718 评论

导读：为加快补齐水稻机械化种植短板，进一步提升水稻全程机械化水平，近日，农业农村部办公厅印发通知，决定组织开展南方稻区水稻机种推进行动，要求突出机械化移栽方式，多措并举加快补齐机种短板，为水稻稳产增产提供机械化支撑。

　　【农机网 热点关注】 众所周知，目前我国三大主粮作物耕种收综合机械化率总体较高，2021年，小麦、水稻、玉米三大主粮作物耕种收综合机械化率分别达到97%、85%和90%。可以看出，相对来说水稻全程机械化率较低，种植环节是其弱项，尤其南方稻区水稻机械化种植是粮食生产全程机械化的短板，正处于攻坚克难的关键阶段。
 

 

　　为加快补齐水稻机械化种植短板，进一步提升水稻全程机械化水平，近日，农业农村部办公厅印发通知，决定组织开展南方稻区水稻机种推进行动，要求突出机械化移栽方式，多措并举加快补齐机种短板，为水稻稳产增产提供机械化支撑。
 
　　通知提出了多项扶持政策，一是鼓励对高性能水稻机械化移栽机具等开展档次优化，并可按程序将补贴额测算比例提高至35%，补贴额可高于相应档次中央财政资金最高补贴额；二是组织制定育秧和烘干成套设施装备建设规范，尽快提出农机新产品补贴试点备案报告，加快列入补贴范围步伐；三是鼓励利用地方财政资金对水稻机种设施装备实施累加补贴；四是鼓励采用作业补贴、以奖代补等方式培育服务组织，充分调动有关主体应用机械化移栽技术、开展育插秧作业服务的积极性，争取在有条件的地方整村整乡推进实施；五是加大相关政策项目资金支持力度，将农机合作社、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体作为水稻机械化育秧、供秧、插秧的主体力量，改善育插秧基础设施条件、提升作业服务覆盖能力；六是依托全国专业农机手培训行动，加强农机服务组织带头人及骨干机手育插秧实操培训，培养一批作业能手。
 
　　此外，通知还提出因地制宜开展钵体毯状苗机插、常规毯状苗机插、有序抛秧和钵苗摆载等水稻机种模式对比试验验证，科学确定经济适用的主推技术路线和选型配套机具，落实推广应用配套措施，促进水稻绿色稳产增产。
 
　　下面介绍几款市面上常见的水稻育秧机(直播机)：
 
　　久保田育秧播种机 2BZP-800（SR-K800CN）
 
　　帮助用户提升育秧效率，满足规模化种植需求，并为后期插秧提供高品质秧苗。
 

 

　　1、流水线作业
 
　　床土：通过输送带移动秧盘，自动将床土放到秧盘中，并均匀刷平
 
　　洒水：配置洒水设备，均匀洒水，用户可根据需求调整洒水量
 
　　播种：均匀播撒各品种稻谷
 
　　覆土：覆土均匀平整，精准高效地完成播种作业
 
　　2、播种均匀
 
　　播种作业流畅均匀，配置种子清理刷，潮湿种子不易附着播种辊上，节约用种量
 
　　3、适用性强
 
　　种子适用范围广：长粒种、圆粒种、催芽中的种子、不完全干燥稻种均可实现播种；
 
　　播种量精准调节：通过调节播种量，能适合多种水稻品种；
 
　　硬盘、软盘均可使用：可将软盘内置在硬盘中使用，适用性强，正常可为30cm行距插秧育秧，通过追加组建，可满足26cm行距插秧育秧需求
 
　　4、操作便捷
 
　　收纳轻便化：床土侧支架可折叠，收纳不占空间，底部装备4个辅助车轮，搬运轻便；
 
　　维护简单化：分段配置了电机，采用皮带传送，维护简单，操作方便。
 
　　洋马YR10D自走式水稻直播机
 

 

　　1、播种精度高，可调式槽轮排种器，通过外部齿轮手动调节种槽大小，精确控制播种颗粒(5~12粒)；
 
　　2、配置排水开沟器，3条深开沟器、8条浅开沟器，深/浅排水沟参差相间，播种位不易积水。
 
　　东风井关SYS-550C育苗播种机
 

 

　　1、适用于常规稻、杂交稻、超级稻的育秧播种。
 
　　2、方便快捷的多等级播种量调节。
 
　　3、采用日本核心技术，保证播种的高均匀性和稳定性。
 
　　4、整机可轻松拆卸装配，维修保养方便。
 

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