今日要闻

【农机小课堂】冬季拖拉机保养要点

2021-12-17 16:16:26 来源:农机网整理发布 阅读量:40818 评论

导读: 入冬前,要对拖拉机各部位进行除垢、清洗、调整和润滑,气门间隙过大过小、喷油压力不够、供油时间过晚都会造成发动机启动困难

  【农机网 热点关注】 冬季气温低,尤其是北方地区降雪寒冷,拖拉机如果不能正确存放、保养,再次使用时故障率会增加。做好拖拉机日常保养工作是使用拖拉机的一项重要措施,及时保养是拖拉机顺利开展作业得前提条件
 
  入冬前,要对拖拉机各部位进行除垢、清洗、调整和润滑,气门间隙过大过小、喷油压力不够、供油时间过晚都会造成发动机启动困难。此外,还要对离合器、制动器和操纵机构进行调整,确保拖拉机处于良好的技术状态,为过冬打下良好的基础。
 
  1、存放。有车库是最好的,如果没有,拖拉机要停在避风处,加装保温被等。冷启动时,解除或切断发动机与其他工作机件负荷,预热油底壳机油,有的还需要预热变速箱或后桥。启动时视情况可以踩下离合器启动,解除变速箱阻力。
 
  2、电瓶。如果停驶时间长,电瓶应拆卸,入库保温。一般蓄电池的使用寿命是三年,入冬时,最好提前更换,以防误事。
 
  3、冷却水。未加防冻液的拖拉机,气温在4℃及其以下时,夜间停车和长时间熄火停放时,都应将发动机内冷却水放尽。在放冷却水时,要待水温降到60℃以下时再放水,否则,容易造成机体或缸盖等损坏。
 
  4、机油、柴油的选择。 拖拉机使用的柴油牌号根据当地气温而定:一般最低气温在0至-5℃,则选用-10号柴油;最低气温在-10至-15℃,选用-20号柴油;当最低气温不低于-30℃,选用-35号柴油;当最低气温在-40℃左右的高寒区,应当选用-50号柴油。发动机冬季使用的机油粘度大,给润滑和启动带来困难,所以应换上8号柴油机油;变速箱和后桥内润滑油,应换上11号柴油机油,或者换上20号齿轮油。
 
  5、预热。严寒季节,拖拉机经常会启动困难,因此,启动前要预热。首先用80~90℃左右的热水预热机体。第一次不能用太热的水,以免机体、缸盖等部位正冷骤然遇高温而被炸裂。加水时,打开放水开关,采用边加热水边放水的方法,直到机体放水阀流出温水为止,关上放水阀,加满开水。气温特别寒冷时,还要对机油进行预热。把停车时放出的油底壳内的机油盛在容器内用热水加温后再注入油底壳,并摇转曲轴数十圈,使各部分得到润滑后再启动。严禁用明火烘烤发动机。
 
  此外,还应定期检查机车。每月检查拖拉机及零部件有无锈蚀、腐蚀、老化、变形等异常现象,发现问题应及时排除;每两个月应转动发动机曲轴 10~15 转,以防止内部锈蚀。在需加注润滑脂的润滑部位,清除旧的润滑脂,更换新的润滑脂;每三个月应将拖拉机启动低速行驶 20~30分钟,检查各部位有无不正常的现象;定期用干布擦拭蓄电池顶面灰尘,蓄电池即使不使用也会自行放电,根据蓄电池上指示灯情况,需充电时必须充电。
 
  本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布,资料来源:阿克苏地区农业技术推广中心农机站、中国一拖、封疆智能。
我要评论
文明上网,理性发言。(您还可以输入200个字符)

所有评论仅代表网友意见,与本站立场无关。

产品推荐 更多

[{"ID":"2717157","Picture":"66dabcda8ca7909d75039ad4eb72cf017ddead1d1b600ccec9fd66615fd19aa5d509f4658c02c33d.jpg","PictureDomain":"img71","Name":"卫生级电动快装三通球阀","Type":"","Descrip":"卫生级不锈钢气动快装Y型三通球阀【产品用途】此产品适用于乳品、食品、啤酒、饮料、制药、化妆品等工业领域的不锈钢管路系统。","CompanyName":"浙江伟恒流体设备有限公司","CompanyID":"129231","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"101","City":"温州市","Address":"温州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"124","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211434","StandUrl":"/st129231","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:14:00","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"6539","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102717157","UserID":"142220","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1681223","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"孔先生","TelPhone":"","ClassName":"球阀","ComProduct":"卫生级球阀,隔膜阀,蝶阀.隔膜阀等管件,接头","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"17765","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2014/11/24 15:54:27","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13819706656"},{"ID":"2747467","Picture":"493f54aea4d404d84d8327c7645f0cafce738220e0c5fe894cb80855c004f870db2d376c3afa5392.jpg","PictureDomain":"img71","Name":"盐山钢板导轨防护罩生产","Type":"定做","Descrip":"华蒴伸缩式钢板防护罩价格钢制伸缩式导轨防护罩是机床的传统防护形式。在这一领域里钢制伸缩式导轨防护罩被广泛的应用,对防止切屑及其它尖锐东西的进入起着有效的防护作用,通过一定的结构措施及合适的刮屑板也可有效的降低冷却液的渗入。","CompanyName":"盐山华蒴机床附件制造有限公司","CompanyID":"129557","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"13","City":"沧州市","Address":"沧州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"222","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211432","StandUrl":"/st129557","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:12:36","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102747467","UserID":"142546","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1705186","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"王绍华","TelPhone":"0317-6260101","ClassName":"其他","ComProduct":"塑料拖链,钢制拖链,钢板防护罩,风琴防护罩,盔甲防护罩,丝杠防护罩,卷帘防护罩,机床排屑机,机床工作灯,机床垫铁,软管","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"14614","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2016/11/21 1:34:57","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13303068288"},{"ID":"2942185","Picture":"66dabcda8ca7909d81cc12d6b2973b2fbeccc2ddfbc7e4007d550c9b29d79604b5db93fd3c70a60f.jpg","PictureDomain":"img74","Name":"模具柜批发","Type":"","Descrip":"不锈钢模具柜产品类型有:不锈钢更衣柜、不锈钢六门更鞋柜、不锈钢九门更鞋柜、不锈钢转角一体式鞋柜、不锈钢带网格鞋柜、不锈钢组合更鞋柜、不锈钢组合更鞋柜、Pz-24不锈钢衣鞋一体柜(可订制)、不锈钢双面两层更鞋柜等等,可根据客户需求进行定制","CompanyName":"天津鹏展金属制品有限公司","CompanyID":"129082","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"2","City":"天津市","Address":"天津市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"30","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211431","StandUrl":"/st129082","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:11:03","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102942185","UserID":"142071","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1672933","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"田经理","TelPhone":"022-22915371","ClassName":"其他","ComProduct":"不锈钢制品","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"20747","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/23 0:37:14","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13512921108"},{"ID":"2936995","Picture":"mt0001/07924b042b5596d5144a687d459da5d7f17710b9b39330a136ad61ae0a17b7d64ab5ef153387a69b.jpg","PictureDomain":"img68","Name":"全自动湿热试验箱哪家好","Type":"","Descrip":"高低温交变湿热试验箱厂家供应,上海长肯试验设备有限公司主营:温度速变试验设备,温度冲击试验设备,高低温低气压试验设备,太阳辐射试验设备,淋雨试验设备,沙尘试验设备,臭氧综合老化试验箱,步入式综合性能试验设备,高风速淋雨试验设备等气候环境试验设备。","CompanyName":"上海长肯试验设备(集团)有限公司","CompanyID":"134199","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"3","City":"上海市","Address":"上海市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"31","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211428","StandUrl":"/st134199","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:08:00","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102936995","UserID":"147189","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1827908","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"何老师","TelPhone":"021-60197688","ClassName":"其他","ComProduct":"温度速变试验设备、温度冲击试验设备、高低温低气压试验设备、太阳辐射试验设备、淋雨试验设备、沙尘试验设备、臭氧综合老化试验设备以及步入式综合性能试验设备和高风速淋雨试验设备等气候环境试验设备","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"4156","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/22 0:38:41","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15651013786"},{"ID":"3000215","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d92fd4b62f9246d370c8d266618deb08460e0f75df5a7fd26e77bc58438ba5740.png","PictureDomain":"img68","Name":"销售对讲机厂家","Type":"BF-CM629","Descrip":"北峰BF-CM629公网对讲机作为新一代公网智能对讲终端,是北峰面向服务业、餐饮、酒店等工商业市场推出的一款轻巧时尚型公网对讲终端产品。","CompanyName":"福建北峰通信科技股份有限公司","CompanyID":"129395","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"131","City":"泉州市","Address":"泉州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"12","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211428","StandUrl":"/st129395","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:08:07","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103000215","UserID":"142384","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1693088","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"北峰通信","TelPhone":"15659050859","ClassName":"其他","ComProduct":"对讲机,应急通信系统","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"7870","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/4/25 17:08:07","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"15659050859"},{"ID":"2928802","Picture":"mt0001/48081211c6b97a3635cba56122acdb22e487f0f3818c1d8c1debf5d99995d47548af93be716c14c8.jpg","PictureDomain":"img44","Name":"销售吹扫捕集仪多少钱","Type":"PTC-VI","Descrip":"仪器简介:PTC-VI型全自动吹扫捕集仪可用于固体或液体样品中挥发性有机物的检测,是一款具有116位自动进样系统的吹扫捕集仪。其具有优越的捕集和除水性能,智能便捷的加标技术不仅能精准的添加内标,还可以自动加标绘制目标物标准曲线。通过与GC或GC-MS的联用,可以广泛应用于环境分析,如饮用水、废水、土壤中的有机污染物分析,也可用于食品中挥发物(如气味成分)的分析等。","CompanyName":"北京踏实德研仪器有限公司","CompanyID":"135494","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"1","City":"北京市","Address":"北京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"60","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51211427","StandUrl":"/st135494","UpdateTime":"2024/4/25 17:07:02","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102928802","UserID":"148484","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1836232","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"陶女士","TelPhone":"86-010-62493193","ClassName":"其他","ComProduct":"热解吸仪,吹扫捕集仪,顶空进样器,活化仪","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"1495","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/14 18:23:37","Flag":"1","PackageName":"营销宝会员","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":""}]