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大连雨林：助力打造农业与养殖业有机循环产业链

———专访：大连雨林灌溉设备有限公司总经理綦玉波
2019-11-06 16:32:41 来源：农机网原创 作者：lulu 阅读量：48573 评论

导读：　在2019农机展召开期间，农机网现场采访了大连雨林灌溉设备有限公司(简称：大连雨林)总经理綦玉波，让我们对于如何做到农业和养殖业的有机循环有了更接地气的了解。

　　机械撒施有机肥，改善土壤保肥能力
 
　　秸秆有机肥还田，恢复土壤生物活力
 
　　粪污资源化利用，提升土壤有机质
 
　　近年来，随着工农业业的发展和有机肥料来源的局限性，化肥的用量呈大幅度增长趋势。但化肥若使用过多，对生态环境会带来许多负效应，如：长期使用氮肥，还会使土壤中碳氮比失调，致使向腐殖质中寻求碳源和其他营养，使其分解从而造成土壤板结，理化性质变劣。硫酸铵、氯化铵等生理酸性肥料使用过多，易改变土壤的化学性质。而土壤一旦遭到破坏，会直接对农作物品质造成影响，从而严重危害人体健康。
 
　　在2019农机展召开期间，农机网现场采访了大连雨林灌溉设备有限公司(简称：大连雨林)总经理綦玉波，让我们对于如何做到农业和养殖业的有机循环有了更接地气的了解。

左为：大连雨林总经理綦玉波

 
　　如何实现固、液有机肥的循环利用？
 
　　“我国近几十年来化肥的使用量过大，长期使用化肥，造成了土壤有机质降低，使农产品的品质下降，如何解决这个问题，其实方法就是增加有机肥的使用量，以此来提高土壤有机质的含量。” 綦总说。
 

撒肥车
 

 施肥罐车
 
 
　　据了解，有机肥一般来源于养殖业产生的粪污、废气物等，把这些有机废物进行有机还田，可大大提升土壤的有机质含量。若能持续进行有机肥还田，相信几年后，我国的土壤问题会大大得到改善，农产品品质将会得到很大提升。
 
　　大连雨林主要产品为大型喷灌设备，如：中心支轴式喷灌机、平移式喷灌机等，主要用于牧畜草地、青贮玉米地、饲草地的建设，灌溉效率高，节省人工。而他们主营的这种设备又有有机肥有何关联？对于记者提出的疑问，綦总给出了详细的回答。
 
　　据他介绍得知，目前大部分饲草地的饲料通常是提供给了大型的养殖场，而这些大型养殖场里养殖的猪、牛、羊等的粪便排泄物并没有被很好的处理和利用。綦总提到，在欧洲，这些养殖厂废弃物被作为有机肥重新利用到田地里，形成了有机肥、养殖业、农田有机肥的有机循环。
 
　　由此，大连雨林开发了有机肥还田设备，主要分为两大系列：液体有机肥的施肥还田和固体有机肥抛洒还田这两种有机肥的设备。固体有机肥主要是将固体的粪污进行固体发酵之后用抛洒车辆进行有机肥还田；养殖场里的牛、羊的液态尿粪，在利用它进行沼气发电之后形成的沼液就是很好的液体有机肥，大连雨林研发的一款适用于液体有机肥的施肥罐车，把这种液体有机肥吸到罐车里，后拉到农田里进行还田，借助这两种设备达到有机肥还田的目的。
 
　　据綦总介绍，有机肥的还田设备大连雨林有多个系列，如何选择主要根据用户农田土地规模来决定，土地规模小的农田可用小型有机肥还田设备，机型小巧灵活，方便小型农户使用；土地面积大的农田可用大型有机肥还田设备，供大型农户使用。
 
　　有机肥行业前景如何？
 
　　说到有机肥行业前景，綦总认为，目前行业刚刚起步尚不成熟，相信随着后期行业对于有机肥的意识不断加强，在未来几年会有非常好的发展态势。
 
　　有机肥循环使用的理想效果即：养殖场产生的大量畜禽粪便用来生产绿色有机肥，有机肥还田来种植有机农业，农业废弃物和农业果实再喂养各种畜禽，形成一个天然自然的绿色生态生物链，保持生态平衡。近年来，国家对于有机肥项目也出台了相关补贴政策。
 
　　据农业农村部发布消息，2017年以来，每年安排资金开展畜禽粪污资源化利用试点、推进果菜茶有机肥替代化肥试点，积极探索有机养分资源利用的有效模式。二是加大补贴力度。结合实施测土配方施肥、耕地保护与质量提升、东北黑土地保护利用试点等项目，采用物化补贴的方式，鼓励和引导农民增施有机肥、秸秆还田、种植绿肥。北京、江苏、上海、浙江等省市相继出台了农民施用商品有机肥补贴政策，补贴金额每吨150—480元。下一步，农业农村部将继续加大工作力度，推动有机肥应用。
 
　　在国家加大政策扶持的同时，近年来也陆续开展了多场次有关有机肥推广的培训与宣传活动。据统计，2018年全国开展有机肥替代化肥技术培训5万余场次，组织现场观摩1万余场次，组织宣传活动2万多次，营造了政府引导、全民参与的良好氛围，有力推进了有机肥替代化肥工作进展。
 
　　结语：可见，有机肥行业有着可观的发展前景，大连雨林开发的有机肥还田设备无疑是在为我国农业循环发展在作有力贡献，当下，在农田土壤遭受破坏之时，正是需要为发展绿色农业献力的农机企业，共同守护农业发展的这一方土地。

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