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4月1日起实施——鹤岗市《大豆田间机械化生产技术规程》解读

2024-01-03 13:58:40 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：36572 评论

导读：该标准由鹤岗市农业农村局提出，由鹤岗市农业综合服务中心起草，本规程规定了大豆田间机械化生产的基本环节，包括机械耕整地、机械播种、机械田间管理、机械收获作业环节的技术要求。适用于鹤岗地区大豆田间机械化生产。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2023年12月15日，鹤岗市市场监督管理局批准发布DB2304/T 070—2023《大豆田间机械化生产技术规程》，该地方标准即将于2024年4月1日起实施。

　　该标准由鹤岗市农业农村局提出，由鹤岗市农业综合服务中心起草，本规程规定了大豆田间机械化生产的基本环节，包括机械耕整地、机械播种、机械田间管理、机械收获作业环节的技术要求。适用于鹤岗地区大豆田间机械化生产。
 
　　【机械田间管理】
 
　　中耕深松作业：
 
　　垄沟深松的时间在大豆拱土期开始分枝前结束。
 
　　垄沟深松耕深应打破犁底层，一般应>18 cm，耕深应一致，耕深误差±1 cm，沟距误差±1 cm。
 
　　分层深松，前铲耕深18 cm～20 cm，后铲耕深25 cm～30 cm。
 
　　深松或中耕作业第一堑应与播种作业第一堑对准重合。
 
　　正常工作速度以≤5 km/h为宜。
 
　　地头起落犁应在行走中进行，按起落线起落。
 
　　作业时采用梭形行走运行方法。
 
　　中耕培土作业：
 
　　根据土壤墒情、苗情及草情确定中耕培土次数，一般为2遍～3遍。
 
　　第一遍中耕可结合深松作业进行。
 
　　第一遍中耕在小苗出苗后开始，不晚于第一片复叶展开。耕深>15 cm，培土不超过子叶。
 
　　第二遍中耕不晚于分枝期，耕深10 cm～12 cm，培土不超过第一对真叶(草叶)节，合理施肥。
 
　　第三遍中耕在初花期前完成，耕深10 cm，培土不超过第一复叶节。
 
　　不埋苗、不压苗、不伤苗。各遍中耕伤苗率均≤1%。
 
　　各垄行距一致，不偏墒，不漏耕，行距误差±1 cm。各铧耕深一致,误差≤2 cm。
 
　　中耕作业第一堑应与播种作业第一堑对准。作业中要经常检查行距是否准确。中耕机组在地头回转时，应在地块外进行，必须在地块内回转时，工作部件应升起并呈运输状态。
 
　　正常作业速度≤5 km/h。
 
　　地头起落应在机组运行中进行。按起落线起落，保持地头整齐与不漏耕。
 
　　植保喷雾作业：
 
　　按农艺要求合理选用药剂，掌握最佳施药期，正确计算用药量和喷液量。
 
　　喷洒均匀，雾化良好，不漏喷，相邻喷嘴重喷幅度≤8 mm。
 
　　播种后出苗前3天～4天进行封闭除草。
 
　　【机械收获】
 
　　收获时期：大豆处于黄熟期，豆叶全部脱落，大豆不倒伏，籽粒呈现本品种色泽，植株摆动豆粒有响声，籽粒含水率在 13%～15%之间时进行收获。
 
　　割茬高度：以不留底荚为准，一般为 5 cm～6 cm，不丢枝、不炸荚。
 
　　综合损失率≤3%，破碎率≤5%，泥花率≤5%，清洁率≥95%。作业质量符合 NY/T 738 要求。
 
　　点击下方下载完整标准文本。
 
　　注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

大豆田间机械化生产技术规程.pdf

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上一篇： 商丘市DB4114/T 209-2023《大豆-玉米带状复合种植全程机械化技术规程》

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