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盘锦市DB2111/T 0007-2021《水稻机械化插秧技术规范》解读

2023-07-31 14:25:20 来源：农机网整理发布 阅读量：37695 评论

导读：该地方标准由盘锦市农业农村局提出并归口，由盘锦市现代农业发展中心起草，规定了水稻机械化插秧技术的作业条件、作业、作业质量、安全要求和维护保养。适用于水稻插秧机和水稻钵苗移栽机作业。

　　【农机网 政策与标准】2021年9月24日，盘锦市市场监督管理局批准发布DB2111/T 0007-2021《水稻机械化插秧技术规范》，该地方标准自2021年10月24日实施。
 
　　该地方标准由盘锦市农业农村局提出并归口，由盘锦市现代农业发展中心起草，规定了水稻机械化插秧技术的作业条件、作业、作业质量、安全要求和维护保养。适用于水稻插秧机和水稻钵苗移栽机作业。

　　移栽机械：
 
　　根据秧苗类型选择适宜的移栽机械。
 
　　插秧机或钵苗移栽机应先进行试运转。试运转前检查和调整各紧固件、传动件、栽插臂和各运动部件的连接牢固性；检查和调整秧针、秧门、秧箱、导轨等部件付装配间隙；检查和调整各拉线的张紧程度；检查发动机燃油、机油和各部位润滑油的加注量。
 
　　将插秧机或钵苗移栽机置于“空挡”，启动发动机，进行5 min～10 min的试运转；检查和调整各离合器手柄的操作可靠性；检查和调整液压升降机构、液压仿形系统、变速档位、转向机构的响应能力；检查和调整栽插臂、秧箱的工作状况；要求各运行部件转动灵活，无刮碰、卡滞现象，确保正常工作。
 
　　按照当地农艺要求、水稻品种特性调整适宜的取苗量和株距，确保亩基本苗数。
 
　　为保证插秧深度一致，移栽机械秧箱部分需具备自动水平功能。
 
　　操作人员：
 
　　操作人员必须经过技术培训后才能操作移栽机械，作业时应穿合身、适合作业的工作服。
 
　　作业过程中，当秧块到达补给位置应及时补秧，补给秧块与剩余秧块之间应紧密接合。
 
　　如果移栽机械带同步深施肥装置，操作人员要及时观察排肥和肥料箱情况，并做好补肥及故障排除工作。
 
　　气候：移栽时间宜在5月15日～5月25日之间，平均气温≥15℃，风力≤4级。
 
　　作业——

　　作业路线：根据田块形状，确定栽插路线；作业前，地头应事先留出各两个作业幅宽。确定栽插路线见下图：
 
　　当田块的宽度为插秧机幅宽的非整数倍时，应在最后第二行程，根据需要停止1行或数行插秧，应留有最后一趟满幅工作的余量。
 
　　对形状不规则田块，先规划成多块规则形状，选择最优栽插路线，减少空白区域。
 
　　试作业：移栽机械在作业前应在田块进行试作业一段距离，观察穴距、取秧量、插秧深度等项技术参数是否达到机插秧作业质量要求。如果不能达到作业质量要求，要进行调整。
 
　　作业：
 
　　移栽机作业过程中要保持匀速前进。田间转弯时应减速，停止栽插并提升栽插系统。
 
　　作业过程中秧苗用完更换秧苗时，取秧针处于秧箱的任意一侧，避免作业过程中出现空穴现象。
 
　　田间转移时，插秧机栽插系统应提升至最高位置，缓慢行驶。


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 注：本文由农机网(www.nongjx.com)整理发布，资料来源：地方标准信息公共服务平台。
相关资料下载：

A5水稻机械化插秧技术规范.pdf

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